Valerian for calming in dogs and cats

What is valerian?

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is a herbal plant whose root has been used in humans for centuries as a sleep aid and sedative. The plant contains various active substances, including valerenic acids, iridoids and isovaleric acid. An inhibitory effect on the central nervous system is attributed to these compounds, presumably via influence on GABA receptors.

In humans, quite a few clinical studies have been conducted; the results are mixed but indicate a modest sedative effect. In dogs and cats, the scientific landscape is considerably thinner.

Claimed applications

Valerian is commercially offered for:

• anxiety during thunderstorms or fireworks
• travel anxiety and transport stress
• separation anxiety
• general nervousness and irritability

These claims largely originate from manufacturers and webshops, not from clinical animal research.

What does the evidence say?

The available evidence in dogs and cats is insufficient. At present, there are no robust, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) demonstrating the efficacy of valerian specifically in dogs or cats.

A narrative review from 2025 examined valerian in the context of anxiety reduction in dogs, involving EEG measurements, neurochemical analyses and behavioural surveys [1]. This is an indication that scientific interest exists, but a narrative review is not proof of efficacy — it maps existing material without conducting a controlled trial itself.

A veterinary review article also concludes that the evidence is too limited to recommend or advise against valerian in pets, and recommends consultation with a veterinary surgeon [2].

Evidence grade: Insufficient — the available literature is limited to narrative reviews; RCTs in dogs or cats are lacking.

Safety

Valerian appears to have little acute toxicity in dogs and cats at usual doses, but there are points of attention:

• Cats: some cats exhibit a paradoxical excitation to valerian, comparable to the effect of catnip — the opposite of sedation.
• Dogs: high doses can lead to drowsiness and gastrointestinal complaints.
• Liver: long-term use has been associated with liver strain in humans; in animals this is insufficiently researched.
• Combinations: valerian can enhance the effect of sedatives and anaesthesia — relevant if your animal is using medication or undergoing a procedure [2].

Never use a human supplement in your animal without veterinary consultation. Formulations and dosages are not one-to-one transferable to animals, and safe dosage varies by weight and health status.

Consult your veterinary surgeon

Do you want to know if valerian is an option for your dog or cat? Always discuss this first with a veterinary surgeon. They can:

• assess whether the anxiety complaints have a medical background
• discuss safe and better substantiated options, including behaviour therapy
• determine a dosage that fits the weight and health status of your animal

Self-medication for anxiety — even with 'natural' remedies — carries risks, especially in animals with other conditions or medication use.